Posted on May 27, 2024RDAE Model Exit Exam 2024 0% 33 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120 Created by Teferi Taye RDAE Model Exit Exam 2024 Choose the best answer Name of StudentID NumberModality (egular, Extention or Weekend)Phone Number 1 / 120 The major cause of environmental problem is _________________ Population growth Wasteful resource use Poverty All of the above Multiple choice 2 / 120 Which of the following is/are true about Participation It is about the participation of disadvantaged people in how goals and policies are arrived at It is about redistribution of power for the have-nots of the society It is about empowering people to mobilize their own capacities All of the above Multiple choice 3 / 120 The differences of cooperatives from non-cooperative businesses emanate from; Purpose of the business Ownership of the business Its control mechanism D. All Multiple choice 4 / 120 In the agricultural production process which environmentally sustainable activity do you recommend? Use biological methods for controlling insect pests Increase the use of chemical fertilizer and reduce the use of compost Use DDT to control insect pest B and C Multiple choice 5 / 120 The correct statement that express how a river water (for instance, Awash or Abbay rivers) could be a flow or fund resource It is a flow resource when the quantity available in a given period is not directly affected by human activities. It is a fund resource when the river is dammed to create a water storage reservoir to use it either for irrigation or for power generation or for both. It is neither flow nor fund resource A and B Multiple choice 6 / 120 What is the minimum qualification required for an individual to be elected as member of the Board of Directors for a cooperative organization under the Ethiopian law? Bachelor Degree in Social Sciences Diploma in Cooperative or related fields Membership status of the cooperative Experience in government Senior position Multiple choice 7 / 120 One of the following elements is not required policy for rural development strategy? Increase productivity of small farmers Decrease domestic demand Diversify non-agricultural Labor intensive for rural development Multiple choice 8 / 120 All except one is part of the resolution of the general assembly of a cooperative Approval of the annual plan and budget Approval of development plan Hiring of external auditors Drafting of strategic plan Multiple choice 9 / 120 The art of getting the job done on time, with budget and satisfactorily using the available resources is? Management Audit Governance Planning Multiple choice 10 / 120 All are the type of organization classified based on how control is exerted, except; Coercive organization Utilitarian Organization Voluntary organization Federated organization Multiple choice 11 / 120 Which one of the following dimensions of sustainability is achieved when the productivity of life-supporting natural resources is conserved or enhanced for use by future generations? Economic sustainability Environmental sustainability Social sustainability Institutional sustainability Multiple choice 12 / 120 Which of the following wrongly explain about environmental degradation? It is the deterioration of natural resources such as air, water, soil and forest It is the improvement of aesthetic and scenic natural landscape It can be expressed in terms of dwindling wildlife species All of the above Multiple choice 13 / 120 Which of the following strategy is ‘increased average inputs of labor or capital on a small holding, either cultivated land alone, or on cultivated and grazing land, for the purpose of increasing the value of output per hectare’ Agricultural Intensification strategy Agricultural Extensification strategy Agricultural Diversification strategy Agricultural Specialization strategy Multiple choice 14 / 120 Which of the following is/are the basic element of rural development strategy? Public investment in physical and social infrastructure Conducive policy environment for the interests of ruralcommunity Technologies suitable to the circumstances and capabilities of small farmers All of the above Multiple choice 15 / 120 Which of the following is/are correct about rapid rural appraisal? The methods applied in rapid rural appraisal vary from situation to situation The recorded information in rapid rural appraisal is seldom discussed in any detail with the respondents It does not always enable farmers to directly control how the information is used All of the above Multiple choice 16 / 120 In which of the following levels of participation do degree of participation is high? Passive participation Functional participation Self-mobilization Interactive Participation Multiple choice 17 / 120 Assume you are recruited as a livelihood expert in these drought affected areas like Borana of Oromia region. There is a recurring famine and drought problems in the farming community in Borana region of Oromia. This area was dominated in high-risk and low-potential agricultural environments, subject to drought, flooding and environmental degradation and so on. What livelihood strategy would you design and apply for the local farmer to increase their household income sources to recover from these natural disasters? Agricultural Intensification strategy Agricultural Extensification strategy Agricultural Diversification strategy Agricultural Specialization strategy Multiple choice 18 / 120 Which one of the following is not the concept of livelihood? livelihood is about the short-term ways and means of making a living Livelihood is adequate stocks and flows of food and cash to meet basic needs. A livelihood is secure when it can cope with and recover from stresses and shocks A livelihood comprises the capabilities, assets and activities required for a means of living Multiple choice 19 / 120 All are true about the first sets of cooperative principles prepared by the Rochdale Society, except; No unusual risk assumption Open membership Unlimited interest on stock Political and religious neutrality Multiple choice 20 / 120 Which of the following considered strength of the Agricultural Innovation System approach? It is an easy way in which facilitation, brokering and relationship building can be achieved It focuses on institutional and policy change to drive innovation It acts as a blueprint for organizing innovation None of the above Multiple choice 21 / 120 All are the reasons why farming as a primary source of income has become failed to guarantee sufficient livelihood for most farming households in Sub-Sahara African countries? Decline in soil productivity Amply of farmland Climate change Absence of farm mechanization Multiple choice 22 / 120 Innovation is defined as The invention of a new product or process The commercialization of a new product or process A new product or process data The implementation of a new production methods Multiple choice 23 / 120 Which of the following period and rural development ideas are correctly related? During 1960 small-farm agriculture was considered as an engine of economic growth The period 1990s was characterized by participation and empowerment issue The period 2000s was characterized by sustainable livelihoods and good governance issue All of the above Multiple choice 24 / 120 Which of the following is true about policy? It is a decision-making framework of a government or organization to achieve a desired effect or change. It is a declaration that defines the intention of a community or government’s goals and priorities. It is a course of action that will create a desired objective in the interest of the people in a given country All of the above Multiple choice 25 / 120 All are the factors shape national capabilities for innovation EXCEPT The stock and production of human capital Processes for knowledge acquisition The Absence of supporting infrastructures The ability to commercialize new knowledge Multiple choice 26 / 120 Which of the following is/are considered as the primary policy makers? Political parties Ministries Interest groups None of the above Multiple choice 27 / 120 Cooperative legislation takes different forms depending on the country. Accordingly, Ethiopian has; Sector specific law A single law for all cooperatives Specific chapters General code Multiple choice 28 / 120 The effect of pollutants is/are characterized by _____________ It disrupt life-support systems Its’ damage on wildlife, human health, and property It can create nuisances All of the above Multiple choice 29 / 120 It is known that national borders have little influence on the transport of pollutants or toxins from one country to another, which rise environmental degradation, is directly correlated to __________________ Globalization Global environmental agreements Transferring environmentally friendly technologies B and C Multiple choice 30 / 120 Which of the following is/are principles of participatory planning? Decision making is by consensus It is open for critical thinking All stakeholders have equal right to communicate their ideas and be listened All of the above Multiple choice 31 / 120 All are the main determinants of livelihood except; Seasonality, and risk Labour markets, credit markets Asset strategies, and coping behaviour None of the above Multiple choice 32 / 120 _______is quantitative statistical information on difference and inequality between men and women, boys and girls for a particular issue or in a specific area. Sex disaggregated data Gender disaggregated data Gender Auditing Gender budgeting Multiple choice 33 / 120 One of the following is not a potential challenge that may affect the performance of cooperatives? Poor economic status of members Rift among members Political interference Lack of motivation Multiple choice 34 / 120 From the following activities which one is not conducted after the establishment of a cooperative? Holding general meeting Recruiting staffs Assembling board of directors Assembling groups of interested groups Multiple choice 35 / 120 The Agricultural Innovation System Approach is An innovation focused approach A transfer of technology-based approach A linear systems approach Focused mainly on research and extension activities Multiple choice 36 / 120   ———–is the collection and analysis of sex-disaggregated data. Qualitative gender analysis Gender Monitorin    Quantitative gender analysis Gender evaluation Multiple choice 37 / 120 One of the following is not the main objective of targeting the rural youth in Ethiopia? To concern for the future of the youngsters To minimize migrations to towns To maximize migration to towns  To keep them settled Multiple choice 38 / 120 The perspective of the innovation systems gives more attention to The interaction between research and related economic activity, networking The attitudes and practices that promote interaction and the learning that accompanies The creation of an enabling environment that encourages interaction All of the above Multiple choice 39 / 120 Practical gender needs in society is —————-.  Express women’s and men’s short term aspirations for equality Are common to almost all women Enable women to become agents of change Can be addressed by gender sensitization and confidence building. Multiple choice 40 / 120 Which of the following is/are indirect agricultural instrument? Government subsidy of agricultural cooperatives to supply inputs Export or import quotas on agricultural commodities. Quantitative restrictions on use of agricultural chemicals to reduce environmental damage. Laws and customs regarding inter generation transfer of land. Multiple choice 41 / 120 The concept of Gender mainstreaming is ————-.    It replaces positive action (affirmative action).  Having an equal number of men and women in the organization. It is integration of a gender prospective and gender analysis into all stages of a project.    It involves only at program and project level. Multiple choice 42 / 120 Which one of the following has direct business activities? Primary cooperatives Cooperative union Cooperative league Cooperative Federation Multiple choice 43 / 120 Gender socialization is a process through which people learn their gender fitting behavior True False True/False 44 / 120 Which of the following Strategies of the poor to deal with risks and stress are implemented before a risk event occurs Mitigation strategies Prevention Strategies Coping Strategies Adaptation Strategies Multiple choice 45 / 120 Which one is not true about institution? It is the rule of the game It could be norms and values of the society It exists in every culture in some forms It does not evolve over time Multiple choice 46 / 120 Which of the following is not correct about common property or open access resources Owners have exclusive rights to the resource It is owned in common and managed for a private purpose Owners cannot exclude one another from using the resource All of the above Multiple choice 47 / 120 One of the following is step of gender mainstreaming? External mainstreaming preparing gender profile capacity building sex disaggregated data Multiple choice 48 / 120 Which of the following is not the alternative outcome of sustainable livelihood approach Increase well-being of poor community Improve food security Generate more income Increase vulnerability Multiple choice 49 / 120 Which of the following statement is correct about environment? environment is explained as the place where biotic and abiotic things live and interact with each other Environment is the sum total of all conditions and influences that affect the development and life of all organisms on earth. The environment provides a life support to all living things and serves as a waste sink function. All of the above Multiple choice 50 / 120 Which fundamentals of sustainable livelihoods mean that a person can be adequately nourished, live a life without shame, and are able to visit and entertain friends? Sustainability Equity Capability Equality Multiple choice 51 / 120 Which of the following flow indicates the right steps of policy cycle? Policy formulation —-policy implementation—policy adoption— agenda setting—- Policy review Policy formulation—policy adoption—-policy implementation policy review —- agenda setting Agenda setting—- policy formulation—- policy adoption—- policy implementation—- policy revie Agenda setting—- Policy formulation—– policy implementation—-policy adoption—-policy review Multiple choice 52 / 120 All of the following are the current models of livelihood promotion in Ethiopia except? Promoting rainfall Agriculture Micro-finance interventions Interventions in animal husbandry Watershed development Multiple choice 53 / 120 One of the following could be a legit reason to establish a cooperative union? When there are problems that cannot be solved by the primary cooperatives When there are many primary cooperatives having some common features When there are more than two primary cooperatives the low forces them to form union When there exists competition with other businesses they form union to win the competition Multiple choice 54 / 120 All are the objectives of Vulnerability context except? Identifying and sustain the hazards that have the most important livelihoods resources. Determining which livelihoods resources are most vulnerable Identifying current coping strategies and beginning to identify opportunities for adaptation. Identifying which sections of the community are exposed and sensitive to hazards Multiple choice 55 / 120 Which of the following asset pentagon is flows resource and services useful for deriving livelihoods? Natural asset Physical asset Social asset Financial asset Multiple choice 56 / 120 Which one is not true about organization? It is aimed at achieving collective goals It is a channel for purposeful action It has a distinct boundary It has only an economic objectives Multiple choice 57 / 120 Which one of the following are not the characteristics of subsistence farming? Most output produced for family consumption Labour is underemployed most of the year Land and labour are the main factors of production Capital investment is maximal Multiple choice 58 / 120 Which of the following is not among the principles for sustainable development? Improve the quality of human life Maximize the depletion of non-renewable resources Keep within the earths carrying capacity All of the above Multiple choice 59 / 120 Pollutants for which the environment has some absorptive capacity are called _______ Fund pollutants Stock pollutants Organic pollutants None of the above Multiple choice 60 / 120 Which of the following innovation involve changes in relation with resource allocation, policies and other related elements associated with the organizations’ social structure? Technological innovation Administrative innovations Incremental innovation Process innovation Multiple choice 61 / 120 If one of the members of the board of directors left or fired from his position before the expiration of his term, how could his position is filled? He could be replaced by the direct votes of the general assembly He could be replaced by the votes of the remaining members of the board of directors His position will remain unfilled till his term expires He could be replaced by the sole decision of the Executive Direct of the cooperative Multiple choice 62 / 120 Which one is the highest policy making body of a certain cooperatives? Board of Directors General Assembly Executive Manager General Auditor Multiple choice 63 / 120 Severity of a pollutant’s harmful effects are determined by______________ Its concentration Its chemical nature Its persistence All of the above Multiple choice 64 / 120 Which one of the following concept of the Agricultural Innovation System is more recently emerged? Agricultural innovation systems Farmer Participatory research Approach Farming systems development approach Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems Multiple choice 65 / 120 Identify the one that is not correct about the modern cooperative in Ethiopia The Ethiopian modern cooperative started during the time of Emperor Hailesellasie Initially, the modern cooperative was aimed at solving employment problems in the country Voluntary and open membership principle has been fully practiced after EPRDF assumed power There was no any form of cooperative during the Dergue regime Multiple choice 66 / 120 Which of the following is in-correct about participation? People’s participation makes decision last longer Participation increases lengthy post decision arguments Participation improves decision making Participation is inclusive with regard to interest Multiple choice 67 / 120 One is not principles Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA) Use participatory methods to seek the views of a range of stakeholders Focus on that the needs and priorities of the poor. Focus on strengths and use as a starting point for planning Look beyond whole sector projects/programmes. Multiple choice 68 / 120 Which of the following statement is not correct about greenhouse effect The greenhouse effect is a naturally occurring process that aids the heating of the Earth’s surface and atmosphere It is a phenomenon like the glass of a greenhouse to trap heat and maintain higher interior temperatures than would normally occur Without the greenhouse effect, it is possible to sustain life on the earth None of the above Multiple choice 69 / 120 Assume an organization is properly aware of the different needs, roles and responsibilities of women and men. So that the organization is known as__________. Gender blind Gender based discrimination Gender sensitive Gender responsive Multiple choice 70 / 120   One of the following is not indicate characteristics of leader: Long perspective    Focus on people  Motivating and inspiring followers Directing and controlling people Multiple choice 71 / 120 The WID approach to development mainly focuses on: Strategic Gender needs Gender relation Gender inequalities  Practical Gender needs Multiple choice 72 / 120 What is the minimum qualification required for an individual to be elected as member of the Board of Directors for a cooperative organization under the Ethiopian law? Bachelor Degree in Social Sciences Diploma in Cooperative or related fields Membership status of the cooperative Experience in government Senior position Multiple choice 73 / 120  It raises women’s ability to participate in public life, local decision making bodies and involvement in leadership:  Self-empowerment    Social empowerment Economic empowerment Political empowerment Multiple choice 74 / 120 Which of the following is true about PRA? The long-term outcomes of PRA is sustainable local action and institutions Mode of instruments of PRA is verbal, interview and discussion The outsider’s role is to be presenter, analyst and planner None of the above Multiple choice 75 / 120 Which of the following is correct statement Socio-economic activity has an impact on the environment Change in the environment affects the socio-economic activity Extracting factors of production has no effect on the environment all of the above Multiple choice 76 / 120 Why is a framework needed in livelihood analysis? To analyze people’s livelihoods and identify the factors that keeps them in poverty To portrays food security and livelihoods as a cyclical process It is also useful in assessing the effectiveness of existing efforts to enhance poverty. It helps to understand and analyze the livelihoods of the poor. Multiple choice 77 / 120 Which of the following comes later? FSR RRA PRA PLA Multiple choice 78 / 120 Identify the wrong statements about agricultural research It improving the links between research, education and extension together with identifying farmers’ needs for research. It generated for extension, which was expected to transfer new technologies to farmers. It focused on strengthening the research supply system at only international levels. All of the above Multiple choice 79 / 120 Which of the following is/are true about participatory monitoring and evaluation? It acknowledges that facilitators are the ones who know most about the challenges in their projects It strengthens the ability of people and local organizations It may prevent people from taking responsibility Only A and B is an answer Multiple choice 80 / 120 Which of the following Tools of vulnerability analysis shows to get an insight into past hazards, changes in their nature, intensity and behavior? Hazard Mapping Seasonal Calendars Historical timeline Vulnerability matrix Multiple choice 81 / 120 Identify the wrong combination about emerged of agricultural innovation? The linear model= 1960’s The farming systems development approach = 1970s & 1980s Agricultural innovation system framework since the early 1980s Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems=1990s Multiple choice 82 / 120 Which of the following pollution control policy requires the regulatory authority to establish an environmental standard and a uniform charge per unit of emission for each source of pollutants? Emission Charges Emission Standards Tradable emission permits None of the above Multiple choice 83 / 120 The phenomenon where rural households engage in multiple activities in order to survive and to improve their standard of living livelihoods is? Livelihood strategies Livelihood diversification Integrated livelihood portfolio investment Multiple choice 84 / 120 It emphasizes geographically localized features and capabilities, such as specialized resources, human skills, institutions, spill overs, and local shares of social and cultural values National innovation systems Sectorial innovation systems Regional innovation systems International innovation systems Multiple choice 85 / 120 A multidisciplinary, multifunctional endeavor that should take into account the broader context of agricultural production and innovation is National innovation policy Intellectual property rights Biosafety regulation Priorities setting Multiple choice 86 / 120 In Ethiopia, governing the legal aspects of cooperatives including the issuance of certificate and other regulatory duties is vested to; Federal Attorney General Civil Society Agency Federal Cooperative Agency Ministry of Agriculture Multiple choice 87 / 120 Which of the following is true about gender analysis?    Influencing factor—— activity profile—-access and control profile—program cycle analysis Activity profile—-access and control profile—-influencing factor—program cycle analysis A.   program cycle analysis— Access and control profile—- activity profile—- influencing factor Activity profile—- influencing factor——- access and control profile–program cycle analysis Multiple choice 88 / 120 Suppose Ethiopia found 1000 trillion barrels oil resources and the cumulative oil used up to the beginning year is 10 trillion barrels. If the current annual use of oil is 3 trillion barrels, compute the current reserves and the number of years the oil remaining at current use rates are: 999 trillion barrels and 333 years, respectively 970 trillion barrels and 97 years, respectively 990 trillion barrels and 330 years, respectively None of the above Multiple choice 89 / 120 One of the following is correct about the characteristics effective leaders?  Leaders do things right Leaders do the right things Leaders manage the change    Leaders focus on things Multiple choice 90 / 120 Which one of the following is not the best ways to help people maximize their creative potential? To allow them to do something they love, with freedom and self-leadership It provides generous rewards for creative behavior and encourages the use of cross functional work groups. Creativity is “not just a natural talent; it is also a skill that everyone can develop and learn. The organizations should encourage unnecessary layers of management and barriers Multiple choice 91 / 120 When dose pollutant accumulates in the environment? If the emissions load exceeds the capacity of the environment to assimilate the waste products If capacity of the environment to assimilate the waste products exceeds the emissions load Pollutant accumulation not determined by the emissions load and the assimilative capacity of the environment B and C Multiple choice 92 / 120 The way of thinking about the objectives, scope and priorities for development, particularly poverty elimination is; Livelihood Analysis Livelihood Approach Sustainable livelihood Sustainable livelihood Analysis Multiple choice 93 / 120 Identify the one which is not the role of ex-post assessments? Identifies recommendations for future interventions Identifies the optimal portfolio of investments according to specific programs Justifies allocation of resources Assesses impact, supports accountability, reporting to investors. Multiple choice 94 / 120 It defined as the network of organizations, enterprises, and individuals focused on bringing new products, new processes, and new forms of organization into economic use National agricultural research Agricultural policy makers Innovation system Sectorial Innovation Systems Multiple choice 95 / 120 Which of the following is incorrect? People’s participation is needed to build sufficient learning capacity for pragmatic argument People’s participation is needed to emancipate particular groups in society for ideological argument People’s participation helps to have control over project budgets and activities for accountability argument None of the above Multiple choice 96 / 120 The contents of the cooperative by-law shall include the following issues, except; Name and address of the society Objectives and activities of the society Working place or Address of the society Detail operational planning of the society Multiple choice 97 / 120 The correct statement about economic growth and economic development Economic growth is an increase in the capacity of a country to provide people with goods and services Economic development is the improvement of human living standards Improvement people living standard is an indicator of economic development All of the above Multiple choice 98 / 120 Suppose Ethiopia’s Great Renaissance Dam expected to have fish resource. The initial stock is expected to be 3000 Mt at the beginning of the year. If the annual loss due to natural disaster is 1 percent,the annual regeneration rate is 10 percent, and the annual harvest rate is 2 percent, how much will be the stock at the end of the 1st year and the 2ndyear. 3000 Mt and 3300 Mt, respectively 2000 Mt and 2200 Mt, respectively 3210 Mt and 3434.7 Mt, respectively None of the above Multiple choice 99 / 120 Which of the following statement shows the distinction between advocators of weak sustainability and strong sustainability Proponents of weak and strong sustainability do not agree on constant consumption to be what sustainability is. Proponents of strong sustainability argue that sustainability requires the level of natural capital be non-declining, substitution is possible between natural and human capital Proponents of weak sustainability argue that sustainability requires the sum of natural and human capital must be non-declining, substitution is not possible between natural and human capital B and C Multiple choice 100 / 120 The following is/are themes of livelihood approach except various strands are linked together with the appreciation of the diversity of livelihoods, Household livelihoods and activity diversification requires combination of assets People’s assets and livelihood strategies are floating freely but are embedded in structures and influenced by processes Livelihood is sustainable if it is capable of passably satisfying people’s needs Multiple choice 101 / 120 Which principle legitimizes the existence of cooperatives in broader social context? Principle of concern for community Principle of cooperation among cooperatives Principle of education and training Principle of open membership Multiple choice 102 / 120 Which one of the following is correct about a linear concept of technology transfer? Research— Extension —Farmers Extension— Research —Farmers Farmers— Extension— Research Research– Farmers— Extension Multiple choice 103 / 120 Which one of the following is not correctly stated about renewable and non-renewable resources? Renewable resources are regenerated through natural growth For renewable resource, the time and space required for regeneration vary by the resource type Exhaustible resources regenerated faster than renewable resources A and B Multiple choice 104 / 120 Which one is not true about cooperatives? The origin of cooperatives trace back to the establishment of the Rochdale Equitable Pioneers’ Society The history of human economic cooperation is perhaps older than the history of competition Cooperatives throughout the world share a set of values that give them their distinctive character The cooperative principles that are on effect today was drafted by Rochdale Equitable Pioneers’ Society Multiple choice 105 / 120 Which of the following is/are not correct about participatory rural appraisal? Its aim is to reverse power relations between communities and development experts The principal aim of the PRA process is to give more power to the community It is an approach that can be used by experts who need to find out in-depth information All of the above Multiple choice 106 / 120 Women empowerment is essentially a top down process rather than something that can be formulated as a bottom up strategy. True False True/False 107 / 120 The process of making changes to something established by introducing something new that adds value to customers and contributes to the knowledge store of the organization is Invention Innovation New ideas Creativity Multiple choice 108 / 120 The school of thoughts brought forward to explain how and why certain individuals become leader is: Leadership style Leadership theories   Management theories Management style Multiple choice 109 / 120 Which of the following is the correct statement about organic pollutants Reduce dissolved oxygen in water bodies It is happened due to sewage and agricultural run-off Organic pollutants in the water body affect the aquatic life All of the above Multiple choice 110 / 120 A making decisions about innovation to know why investment is necessary to transform modes of production and consumption is Evaluation Accountability Monitoring Assessment Multiple choice 111 / 120 All except one is part of the resolution of the general assembly of a cooperative Approval of the annual plan and budget Approval of development plan Hiring of external auditors Drafting of strategic plan Multiple choice 112 / 120 Which of the following is true about gender? It is the fact of biology It is learned It is permanent for change It is naturally given Multiple choice 113 / 120 One of the following is incorrect about Great man theory of Leadership leaders are made not born  leaders are born not made   Gender issues were not on the table when the great man theory was proposed leadership are intrinsic Multiple choice 114 / 120 Which one of the following is not the main reason for low agricultural productivity in Ethiopia? Low fertilizer use Low use of irrigation Environmental degradation Secure land tenure Multiple choice 115 / 120 Which of the following is/are factors that limit the methods of policy analysis Type of policy The time frame for conducting an analysis Budget constraints All of the above Multiple choice 116 / 120 Which of the following statement is correct about sustainability A sustainable state is one in which utility is declining through time A sustainable state is one in which natural capital stock is non declining through time A sustainable state is one which satisfies minimum condition for ecosystem resilience through time All of the above Multiple choice 117 / 120 An integrated rural development, which excluded Increasing agricultural productivity Does not encouraging non-farm activities Access to health, education and housing in rural areas Diversify income Multiple choice 118 / 120 ______argue that liberation can only be achieved by working to end both the economic and cultural sources of women’s oppression. Liberal Feminism Black Feminism Radical Feminism Socialist feminists Multiple choice 119 / 120 All are man-made external factors that shape the options that people have in achieving their livelihood goals except? Policies Institutions processes Income Multiple choice 120 / 120 A belief or disliking against an individual due to his/her sex or gender is called ——–. Gender bias Gender blind Gender stereotyping Gender prejudice Multiple choice Your score is 0%
